Mark G Frei, Age 642360 Sterling Creek Pkwy, Oviedo, FL 32766

6341236, Jan 22, 2002

Apr 30, 1999

09/302516

Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS, 66209
Mark G. Frei - Lawrence KS, 66047

A61N 136

607 45

A system and method for using electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat epilepsy with minimized or no effect on the heart. Treatment is carried out by an implantable signal generator, one or more implantable electrodes for electrically stimulating a predetermined stimulation site of the vagus nerve, and a sensor for sensing characteristics of the heart such as a heart rate. The heart rate information from the sensor can be used to determine whether the vagus nerve stimulation is adversely affecting the heart. Once threshold parameters are met, the vagus nerve stimulation may be stopped or adjusted. In an alternative embodiment, a modified pacemaker is used to maintain the heart in desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation. In yet another embodiment, a modified pacemaker having circuitry that determines whether a vagus nerve is being stimulated is used. In the event that the vagus nerve is being stimulated, the modified pacemaker may control the heart to maintain it within desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation.

6549804, Apr 15, 2003

Jun 10, 1999

09/329593

Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS
Mark Frei - Lawrence KS
David Lerner - Lawrence KS
John Ralston - Lawrence KS
Josef Dorfmeister - Lawrence KS

University of Kansas - Lawrence KS

A61B 504

600544, 600300, 600545

A system ( ) analyzes signals representative of a subjects brain activity in a signal processor ( ) for information indicating the subjects current activity state and for predicting a change in the activity state. One preferred embodiment uses a combination of nonlinear filtering methods to perform real-time analysis of the electro-encephalogram (EEG) or electro-corticogram (ECoG) signals from a subject patient for information indicative of or predictive of a seizure, and to complete the needed analysis at least before clinical seizure onset. The preferred system then performs an output task for prevention or abatement of the seizure, or for recording pertinent data.

6560486, May 6, 2003

Oct 12, 1999

09/416471

Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS, 66209
Mark Frei - Lawrence KS, 66047

A61N 1375

607 45, 600544, 600607, 600 36

A cerebral interface system has a housing mechanism configured to be at least partially spaced in a cavity formed in the subjects skull; an attaching mechanism for attaching the housing mechanism to the subjects skull; a sealing mechanism for providing a fluid-tight seal between the housing mechanism and the subjects skull; a control mechanism spaced within the housing mechanism; a communication mechanism with one or more sensors embedded in the subjects brain connecting the control mechanism to the subjects brain; and a power source spaced within the housing mechanism. Preferably, an inner wall thereof is substantially aligned with the surrounding inner surface of the subjects skull and an outer wall thereof is substantially aligned with the surrounding outer surface of the subjects skull, or may include an auxiliary portion extending tangentially outwardly from the cavity formed in the subjects skull and having substantially the same profile as the subjects skull thereunder. The system may include a communication link wirelessly connecting the control mechanism to external apparatus for transmitting or receiving information related to detecting, predicting, controlling, or aborting abnormal brain activity of the subject. Alternatively, the control mechanism may be self-contained without need for such external apparatus.

6587727, Jul 1, 2003

Nov 9, 2001

10/047179

Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS, 66209
Mark G. Frei - Lawrence KS, 66047

A61N 1365

607 45, 607 17

The present invention uses electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat epilepsy with minimized or no effect on the heart. Treatment is carried out by an implantable signal generator, one or more implantable electrodes for electrically stimulating a predetermined stimulation site of the vagus nerve, and a sensor for sensing characteristics of the heart such as heart rate. The heart rate information from the sensor can be used to determine whether the vagus nerve stimulation is adversely affecting the heart. Once threshold parameters are met, the vagus nerve stimulation may be stopped or adjusted. In an alternative embodiment, the invention may include a modified pacemaker to maintain the heart in desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation. In yet another embodiment, the invention may be simply a modified pacemaker having circuitry that determines whether a vagus nerve is being stimulated. In the event that the vagus nerve is being stimulated, the modified pacemaker may control the heart to maintain it within desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation.

6671556, Dec 30, 2003

Nov 9, 2001

10/053425

Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS, 66209
Mark G. Frei - Lawrence KS, 66047

A61N 118

607 45, 607 9

The present invention uses electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat epilepsy with minimized or no effect on the heart. Treatment is carried out by an implantable signal generator, one or more implantable electrodes for electrically stimulating a predetermined stimulation site of the vagus nerve, and a sensor for sensing characteristics of the heart such as heart rate. The heart rate information from the sensor can be used to determine whether the vagus nerve stimulation is adversely affecting the heart. Once threshold parameters are met, the vagus nerve stimulation may be stopped or adjusted. In an alternative embodiment, the invention may include a modified pacemaker to maintain the heart in desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation. In yet another embodiment, the invention may be simply a modified pacemaker having circuitry that determines whether a vagus nerve is being stimulated. In the event that the vagus nerve is being stimulated, the modified pacemaker may control the heart to maintain it within desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation.

6768969, Jul 27, 2004

Apr 3, 2001

09/824946

Alexei V. Nikitin - Lawrence KS
Mark G. Frei - Lawrence KS
Naresh C. Bhavaraju - Lawrence KS
Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS

Flint Hills Scientific, L.L.C. - Lawrence KS

G01L 2100

702188, 324 7611

A method, computer program, and system for real-time signal analysis providing characterization of temporally-evolving densities and distributions of signal features of arbitrary-type signals in a moving time window by tracking output of order statistic filters (also known as percentile, quantile, or rank-order filters). Given a raw input signal of arbitrary type, origin, or scale, the present invention enables automated quantification and detection of changes in the distribution of any set of quantifiable features of that signal as they occur in time. Furthermore, the present inventions ability to rapidly and accurately detect changes in certain features of an input signal can also enable prediction in cases where the detected changes associated with an increased likelihood of future signal changes.

6904390, Jun 7, 2005

Apr 1, 2003

10/404850

Alexei V. Nikitin - Lawrence KS, US
Mark G. Frei - Lawrence KS, US
Naresh C. Bhavaraju - Lawrence KS, US
Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS, US
Ruslan Davidchack - Wigston, GB

Flint Hills Scientific, L.L.C. - Lawrence KS

G06F011/26

702188, 324521

A method, computer program, and system for real-time signal analysis providing characterization of temporally-evolving densities and distributions of signal features of arbitrary-type signals in a moving time window by tracking output of order statistic filters (also known as percentile, quantile, or rank-order filters). Given a raw input signal of arbitrary type, origin, or scale, the present invention enables automated quantification and detection of changes in the distribution of any set of quantifiable features of that signal as they occur in time. Furthermore, the present invention's ability to rapidly and accurately detect changes in certain features of an input signal can also enable prediction in cases where the detected changes associated with an increased likelihood of future signal changes.

6920357, Jul 19, 2005

May 12, 2003

10/435832

Ivan Osorio - Leawood KS, US
Mark G. Frei - Lawrence KS, US

A61N001/18

607 45, 607 9

The present invention uses electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat epilepsy with minimized or no effect on the heart. Treatment is carried out by an implantable signal generator, one or more implantable electrodes for electrically stimulating a predetermined stimulation site of the vagus nerve, and a sensor for sensing characteristics of the heart such as heart rate. The heart rate information from the sensor can be used to determine whether the vagus nerve stimulation is adversely affecting the heart. Once threshold parameters are met, the vagus nerve stimulation may be stopped or adjusted. In an alternative embodiment, the invention may include a modified pacemaker to maintain the heart in desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation. In yet another embodiment, the invention may be simply a modified pacemaker having circuitry that determines whether a vagus nerve is being stimulated. In the event that the vagus nerve is being stimulated, the modified pacemaker may control the heart to maintain it within desired conditions during the vagus nerve stimulation.